Herstory

Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955

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Mary Jane McLeod Bethune (born Mary Jane McLeod; July 10, 1875 – May 18, 1955) was an American educator, stateswoman, philanthropist, humanitarian, womanist, and civil rights activist. Bethune founded the National Council for Negro Women in 1935, established the organization's flagship journal Aframerican Women's Journal, and resided as president or leader for myriad African American women's organizations including the National Association for Colored Women and the National Youth Administration'...

Morrison, Toni, 1931-2019

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Chloe Anthony Wofford Morrison (born Chloe Ardelia Wofford; February 18, 1931 – August 5, 2019), known as Toni Morrison, was an American novelist, essayist, book editor, and college professor. Her first novel, The Bluest Eye, was published in 1970. The critically acclaimed Song of Solomon (1977) brought her national attention and won the National Book Critics Circle Award. In 1988, Morrison won the Pulitzer Prize for Beloved (1987); she gained worldwide recognition when she was awarded the Nobel...

Smith, Bessie, 1894-1837

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Nightingale, Florence, 1820-1910

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Florence Nightingale (1820-1910), nursing pioneer and reformer, is regarded as the founder of modern nursing. Born in Florence, Italy, she dedicated her life to the care of the sick and war wounded. In 1844, she began to visit hospitals; in 1850, she spent some time with the nursing Sisters of St. Vincent de Paul in Alexandria and a year later studied at the institute for Protestant deaconesses in Kaiserswerth, Germany. In 1854, she organized a unit of 38 nurses for service in the Crimean War. I...

Wollstonecraft, Mary, 1759-1797

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Mary Wollstonecraft was an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. After two ill-fated affairs, with Henry Fuseli and Gilbert Imlay (by whom she had a daughter, Fanny Imlay), Wollstonecraft married the philosopher William Godwin, one of the forefathers of the anarchist movement. Wollstonecraft died at the age of 38, eleven days after giving birth to her second daughter, leaving behind several unfinished manuscripts. This daughter, Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, became an accomp...

Anderson, Marian, 1897-1993

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Marian Anderson was born on February 27, 1897 (although throughout much of her life she gave her birth date as February 17, 1902) in south Philadelphia. Her father, John Berkley Anderson, sold ice and coal and her mother Annie Delilah Rucker Anderson was a former schoolmistress. She was the oldest of three sisters. She began singing when she was six, in the church choir, and by eight had become a regular substitute, filling in for absent sopranos, tenors and even bass. She was presented in one c...

Alcott, Louisa May, 1832-1888

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Louisa May Alcott (November 29, 1832 – March 6, 1888) was an American novelist, short story writer, and poet best known as the for her novel Little Women (1868) and the sequels Little Men (1871) and Jo's Boys (1886). Born in Germantown (Philadelphia), Pennsylvania, Louisa May Alcott was the daughter of transcendentalist and educator Amos Bronson Alcott and social worker Abby May. Like her famous literary counterpart, Jo March, she was the second of four daughters. The eldest, Anna Bronson (Al...

Hurston, Zora Neale, 1891-1960

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Zora Neale Hurston was an American author, anthropologist, and filmmaker. She portrayed racial struggles in the early-1900s American South and published research on hoodoo. The most popular of her four novels is Their Eyes Were Watching God, published in 1937. She also wrote more than 50 short stories, plays, and essays. Hurston was born in Notasulga, Alabama, and moved with her family to Eatonville, Florida, in 1894. She later used Eatonville as the setting for many of her stories. It is n...

Jordan, Barbara, 1936-1996

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Barbara Charline Jordan (February 21, 1936 – January 17, 1996) was an American lawyer, educator and politician who was a leader in the Civil Rights Movement. A Democrat, she was the first African American elected to the Texas Senate after Reconstruction and the first Southern African-American woman elected to the United States House of Representatives. She was best known for her eloquent opening statement at the House Judiciary Committee hearings during the impeachment process against Richard Ni...

Wells-Barnett, Ida B., 1862-1931

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Ida B. Wells (b. July 16, 1862, Holly Springs, MS - d. March 25, 1931, Chicago, IL) was born in Holly Springs, Mississippi in 1862, six months before the Emancipation Proclamation granted freedom to her slave parents. Following the death of both her parents of yellow fever in 1878, Ida, at age 16, began teaching in a one-room schoolhouse in rural Mississippi. Some time between 1882 and 1883 Wells moved to Memphis, Tennessee, to teach in city schools. She was dismissed, in 1891, for h...

Edelman, Marian Wright

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Marian Wright Edelman, founder and President of the Children's Defense Fund, was born on June 6, 1939, in Bennettsville, South Carolina. Edelman was the youngest of five children and credits her father with instilling in her an obligation to right wrongs. When African Americans in Bennettsville were not allowed to enter city parks, Arthur Wright, her father, built a park for African American children behind his church.Edelman is a graduate of Spelman College and Yale Law School. While working as...

Nation, Carrie Amelia, 1846-1911.

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Catherine the Great, 1729-1796

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Marie Antoinette, Queen, consort of Louis XVI, King of France, 1755-1793

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Marie Antoinette (b. Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna, Nov. 2 1755, Vienna, Austria–d. Oct. 16, 1793, Paris, France) was the last queen of France. The daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Francis I, her parents and King Louis XV of France arranged a marrage between her and his grandson, Louis-Auguste, later Louis XVI. They were married May 16, 1770 at Versailles; Marie Antoinette became queen in 1774. Known for her oppulance and lavish spending, she was convicted of high treason during French Revo...

Rudolph, Wilma, 1940-....

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Theodora, ca. 500-548

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Tubman, Harriet, 1822-1913

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Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross; b. ca. 1822–d. March 10, 1913) was an American abolitionist, humanitarian, and an armed scout and spy for the United States Army during the American Civil War. Born into slavery, Tubman escaped and subsequently made thirteen missions to rescue approximately seventy enslaved families and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. She later helped abolitionist John Brown recruit men for his raid on Har...

Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt, d. 30 B.C.

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